SAC rate calculator

Your SAC (surface air consumption) rate is how much gas you breathe per minute at the surface. Enter your tank, pressures, average depth, and dive time — the calculator normalizes your consumption to surface pressure so you can compare dives and plan gas.

⚠️ Educational tool — not dive-planning software

This page is for learning and rough estimates only. Always follow your training, your dive tables, and your dive computer — they account for factors a web page cannot. Never plan a real dive from a website.

Units

Your surface air consumption

How it's calculated

In metric, the formula is:

SAC = (start bar − end bar) × tank litres ÷ minutes ÷ (depth ÷ 10 + 1)

The first part converts the pressure you used into litres of gas. Dividing by dive time gives litres per minute at depth. Dividing by (depth ÷ 10 + 1) — the absolute pressure in atmospheres, since every 10 m of seawater adds one atmosphere — normalizes it to the surface.

In imperial, tank pressure alone does not tell you the gas volume, so the tank's rated pressure enters the formula:

RMV = ((start psi − end psi) ÷ rated psi) × tank cu ft ÷ minutes ÷ (depth ÷ 33 + 1)

Here every 33 ft of seawater adds one atmosphere. The result is often called RMV (respiratory minute volume) and is expressed in cubic feet per minute.

Typical relaxed divers land somewhere around 15–20 L/min (0.5–0.7 cu ft/min); stress, cold, and current push it up. Track it dive after dive — a falling SAC rate is one of the clearest signs your diving is improving.

Log the dive, not just the numbers

Tortuba is a free dive log and fish guide for iPhone and iPad — log a dive in a minute and remember every creature you met.